righteousness – Simply True

Dead to sin, alive to God (Romans 6:1-14)

This article is a rewrite of an earlier article in my Romans series. I’m sending it out again to clarify one or two points made earlier. But it’s also important to have in mind with regard to the present series on joy—as I think you will see. So, happy reading!

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When Paul writes his letter to Christians in Rome, he’s eager to demonstrate the power of God’s kindness, a kindness that dwarfs the whole sorry business of our trying to take over from him.

And now, in the light of this abundant grace, Paul wants to show us how to live in a way that brings glory to God.

In fact, Paul begins by responding to some who doubt, or scorn, the good news he has announced—people who can’t believe, or don’t want to rely on God’s amazing grace. And he does so by answering two questions (vv. 1 and 15).

Here’s his first question. ‘Shall we just let loose and do as we please, so that God’s grace can shine out all the more?’ It’s a question calculated to throw scorn on the freedom of God’s grace.

‘This could never be’ says Paul. God could not want that! He responds with what God does want—two purpose statements. It’s so that we can live a new life (v.4), and so that our bodily sins can be disabled (v. 6).

God has set us up to really live differently! The gospel is not an escape route from being what we are created to be. It goes on being powerful in framing and empowering a change of life. So, we need to look again at what God has achieved in his gospel.

First, everything here depends on what has happened to Jesus.

Far from merely looking at Christ as a spectacle, or perhaps appreciating him as a benefactor, we have been included in his dying and rising, and in what those events have accomplished. When we believe in Christ, usually expressed in baptism, we’re accepting that our new life doesn’t start with us. It starts with what happens to him—and happens to us who, by faith, are in him.

And Paul tells us this because Christ’s death and resurrection is not only the way we are saved from our sins, but it’s the way in which our whole life can be recalibrated. Jesus doesn’t just die for our sins. He dies to sin (v. 10). We need to know what this means.

Obviously, Jesus doesn’t die to sinning because he never sinned. But when he dies, he so fully exhausts what sin and condemnation and death can do to sinners, that he’s died to anything more it can do to him. He’s died to the dominion of sin. Sin used to reign, but now, grace does.[i]

Think about this a little more. Jesus says before his death, and concerning those who come to arrest him, ‘… this is your hour, and the power of darkness’.[ii] Jesus knows that Satan will now do all he can to destroy him and his mission. But he also says, ‘…the ruler of this world is coming. He has no claim on me.’[iii] What is going to happen to Jesus will look like the triumph of Satan and his evil intent. In fact, it is going to be Christ’s victory.

We need to know this because Jesus is taking us with him through all that happens here.

Satan gains power over us by accusing and condemning. He can get us in a corner! But now, God has reckoned his Son to be the guilty one. Jesus has endured all that sin entails—its pollution and shame as well as its penalty. He has especially endured alienation from his Father—the worst of all.[iv] And he exhausts all that it can do to him—and to us. So, when he says ‘It is finished’[v], all of this is included in what is finished. He’s ‘died to sin’. It can do no more to him. And he commends himself to the Father.

This is important for us because we’ve been united with Christ in ‘a death like his’ (v. 5). Sin can’t do anything more to him. So, it follows that it can’t do anything more to us either!

But how can this be? Sin—as we see what it offers, and feel its tug, still seems to have plenty of influence on us.

It certainly doesn’t mean we have no temptations, no inner tendencies to do wrong, no failures. But God’s purpose is to disable our propensity to sinning (v. 6). Paul calls it ‘our body of sin…being brought to nothing’. We’ve been joined to Christ’s crucifixion specifically to bring this slavery to an end[vi].

This almost seems to be too ambitious! But Paul explains how this happens. Someone who’s died is ‘set free from sin’ (v. 7) But the word translated ‘free’ is actually the word ‘justified’.[vii] God is calling us righteous because we are trusting the Son who has fulfilled all God’s righteousness.

So, the freedom we have is freedom from sin’s pollution—we are clean in God’s eyes, we have freedom from guilt—God himself finds nothing to accuse, and freedom from penalty—we look forward to eternal life. And, as we have seen, we have access to grace. We can look to God and seek his favour. We can bear to be looked on by him! We will never be forsaken!

It helps if we think about the opposite of this. Consider the effect that personal failures have on our will to please God. Satan accuses us continually. He knows the effectiveness of guilt to keep us from doing good. Think of the sapping of energy when our conscience tells us we are compromised and contaminated. What can we do to lift our game?

But then, because Christ has hung on his cross where we compromised and soiled sinners should have been, and because he’s been raised from the dead, God rightly calls us righteous.

Someone who has been cleansed like this wants to stay that way and please his or her wonderful Benefactor. We don’t work towards getting a clear conscience. We start with one. And while we look to Christ and not to ourselves, we remain with one.[viii]

And so, with King David, we may have felt God’s heavy hand on us as sinners,[ix] and longed to know the joy of his salvation. And God satisfies this longing. He forgives our sin, and upholds us with a willing spirit.[x] Or, like Isaiah when God cleansed him, we can say, ‘Here am I Lord. Send me!’[xi] Or, like the forgiven Peter, we can say, ‘You know that I love you’.[xii]

Paul also tells us that we are united with Christ in his resurrection (v. 4). Jesus now has a human life that is renewed—after bearing our sins. He is alive to God, his Father.[xiii]

Of course, he has always lived to God—eternally, but we couldn’t share in that. But he’s entered our world. He’s been where we were before God—forsaken. And he has been raised up to live with God. Death has lost its power over him.

And we’ve been raised up too. We can act and choose and think in the Father’s presence, as Jesus does now. We’ve been equipped to live as the righteous people he created us to be!

And we can be sure that if we are included in what he has done by dying for us, we will most certainly share in being physically raised from the dead as he was (v. 5).

So much for death being in charge of history! Sin, and condemnation, and the threat of death crippled our living (as Paul has shown in his previous section[xiv]). But not now! We’re ready to live.

Paul doesn’t want us to waste these privileges, and gives us three things to do. They belong together and they help us live in the blessing we’ve just considered. Here they are.

First, we must reckon our life the way God is reckoning it. We must breathe this new air deeply. We should notice what is controlling our thinking. We should give up our preoccupation with ourselves, or living by our own piety, and start with ourselves where God has placed us—in Christ.

Second, we must say no—over and over again— to temptations we used to give way to. Problems don’t go away by meditating, or just knowing things. Sometimes we just have to say ‘No!’ We should tell sin that it’s not in charge. There’s no negotiation here. No hesitation. We might be surprised how powerful our ‘No’ is! It’s backed by all that Christ has won for us.

And third, we must say ‘Yes’ to God and his will—over and over again—to exercise the new freedom we’ve received. We’re not meant to be overfed consumers. This new life is built for action. We used to be the living dead! But we’re alive to God now.

And just in case we’ve forgotten, Paul reminds us that law is no longer in charge—to either condemn us or to congratulate us! But grace is in charge. And this reign of grace enables us to live to God. And our humble beginnings are a delight to our heavenly Father.

A sceptics question has yielded a rich feast! Next time, we’ll look at a second objection people have raised about the reign of God’s grace. And we’ll learn how to live as God’s joyful slaves.

[i] This has been spelled out back in Rom. 5:21

[ii] Luke 22:53

[iii] John 14:30

[iv] Mark 15:34

[v] John 19:30

[vi] Jesus has said that whoever sins becomes a slave of his sin (John 8:34). Peter also tells us that Jesus ‘bore our sins in his body on the tree, that we might dies to sin and live to righteousness’ (1 Pet. 2:24).

[vii] Every other time Paul uses this word, this is what he means.

[viii] Heb. 9:14

[ix] Psa. 32:4

[x] Psa. 51:12

[xi] Isa. 6:7-8

[xii] John 21:17

[xiii] We refer here to his human nature rather his eternal relationship to the Father.

[xiv] Rom. 5:17, 21

God is letting us know we matter to him (Rom. 1:18-32)

In this brief look at Romans, we’ve already seen Paul’s delight in and focus on God’s good news. God is showing us his righteousness. And he’s revealing it by declaring that those who trust him are also right—in his eyes. Given our constant desire to be ‘right’, it’s hard to imagine any news that could be better—but more about this later.

In the mean-time, there’s something else to say. Paul doesn’t forget his theme. He returns to it, in almost identical words, as soon as he can[i]. But he knows that we need to discover something else first.

Another revelation is happening at the same time. It’s God’s wrath. Our Creator is not content to let us go our own way. He’s not happy with us. And he wants us to know that we matter to him.

Now it may seem to be contradictory for God to reveal that he has a gift for us, but at the same time, to reveal that we are in trouble. But then, it makes perfect sense. You can’t give anyone something they don’t want. And they won’t want it if they think they already have it. And they may be offended if you offer them what they think they have.

So, if it’s good that God is revealing his righteousness, it’s also good that he is revealing his wrath. We need to know what we need.

Paul talks about Gentiles first—people who haven’t grown up knowing about God’s revelations in the Bible. Then he speaks to Jews who, for ages, have had the benefit of hearing what God has to say.

So, to the first group—to the world in general, here’s what Paul says[ii].

First, God is always revealing himself—to everyone. This is not offered as a proof. It’s a personal communication.

Everything we can see, including ourselves, is evidence—a never ending supply of it—that God is real and present and engaged. So, if we say he isn’t real, it’s because we’re choosing not to know him.

Second, those who reject God must elevate something else to take his place. We can’t exist without someone or something to look up to. So, we worship what is made, or something we make—anything but God himself. And something we can attempt to control.

Third, because we are disconnected from what is real, our thinking and affections become—over time—pointless and dark. God gives us up to the results of our choices [iii].

Paul lists a number of things that would have been clearly visible in the first century Roman world. He mentions impurity, passion and sexual license. Community life is rife with everything that makes it hard to live together—envy, deceit, malice, slander and boasting, for example.

Here’s where we need to read what Paul says carefully. What is provoking God to wrath is not, first of all, what people are doing but what they are believing. They’re living as though he doesn’t exist. Their behaviour is a consequence. It’s what God has given them up to—to awaken them to where their choice leads.

They think they have dismissed God, but what they are doing is happening because God has given them over to their own choices.

And of course, what Paul says about the first century world is happening in our communities as well. The evidence for God is abundant. And so is the evidence of what happens when we dismiss him as irrelevant.

Disbelief in the true God is a majority position in much or our world. So is the idea that we should be free to follow our own passions. And so is the belief that prosperity and happiness follow when we remove restraints.

But the generations that are abandoning faith in God in our communities are not growing richer, stronger or happier. And if we can see that this is happening, we are watching God revealing his wrath.

And, interestingly, if we choose to live without God, we have to congratulate each other for choosing our own life-style. Everyone has an inbuilt need to be acknowledged as right. So, because we don’t know the righteousness of God, we have to create an approval of our own. Only this can explain the constant stream of ‘virtue signaling’ that we are hearing.

We’ve come to the end of this first section. But next, there’s a section, three times as long, to show that we are all in the same predicament. Paul talks to those who believe in God.

For Paul’s first century world, this is Jews. For us, it is ourselves who go to churches, read Bibles and say prayers. I hope you stay with this! Paul will show that God’s wrath, rather than being ‘revealed’, is being ‘stored up’[iv].

If we don’t understand ourselves or our predicament, we may not understand the message God wants us to understand—that real righteousness always comes to us as a gift.

I hope you are encouraged by all this. God is not content to stand by and see what happens. He’s revealing himself—to everybody.

[i] Rom. 1:17; 3:21

[ii] Rom. 1:18-32

[iii] Vv. 24, 26, 28

[iv] Rom. 2:5

Satisfied! With righteousness

Jesus tells us that those who hunger for righteousness are doing well. They will receive, abundantly, what they long for (Matthew 5:6).

Righteousness, as Jesus describes it, is obeying God’s commands (5:17-20). But then, as he continues to teach, we find it is not just compliance but a hearty agreement with what God wants. Jesus tells us to be perfect like our heavenly Father is perfect (5:48).

But what kind of person is hungry for righteousness? Most of us think it’s something we have plenty of. We do the right thing—mostly. And we spend a lot of time and energy defending it. We don’t understand the word ‘hungry’ when it comes to righteousness.

And there’s another problem. Our natural self is saying, ‘My idea is best!’ God’s requirements seem like an intrusion.

Into this situation comes Jesus. And he begins by demonstrating what hunger for righteousness looks like. He insists on John baptizing him. He’s ‘hungry’ to get this done (Matt. 3:15). He has no lack of righteousness himself, but he wants us to be obedient children of God. His obedience to the Father is going to make it happen.

Then, Jesus shows us what God’s righteousness looks like. He saves people from their sicknesses. He teaches the truth in a way that is riveting. Many are finding that God is real and that he is reaching out to them.

Jesus is providing an appetizer! We are never going to do what God wants if we are not attracted by who he is.

Isaiah said this would happen: God delighting our hearts and making us thankful; God making us like sturdy trees—tall and righteous, and getting on with the things that need doing (Isaiah 61:1-4).

Does this whet our appetite? We all want upright people to govern us, or to be our neighbours. But what about us?

We really need to be filled with righteousness—preferring what God wants. This is what we are made for. We damage ourselves and defraud those around us when we don’t follow what he says. Sometimes, things need to go wrong before we long for what God wants (Psalm 119 :71).

Perhaps we’ve been hungry and not understood our pain. Jesus knows we need lots of things but tells us to seek God’s reign and righteousness first (Matt. 6:33). God can look after all the other things, but we need to be hungry for righteousness.

So, how does this happen?

Jesus tells us about a tax collector who is broken by his miserable life. He’s defrauded people and kept God at a distance—until now. He asks God to be merciful to him—a sinner (Luke 18:13-14).

Here’s the punch line. Jesus says he goes back to his home a righteous man—or justified. He’s been hungering for righteousness. And now, he’s filled!

Later on, Jesus will tell a lame man that his sins are forgiven (Matthew 9:2). He is able to say this because he will offer up his own body as an offering for them, and for ours as well (Matt. 26:28).

All of us need this thorough wash out of who we are—our unholy desires and crippling guilt. We need to believe in this act of Jesus on our behalf. And we need to hear God calling us righteous. That’s right, God calls us righteous (Isa. 53:11-12; Rom. 3:22).

Now, our protests and pomp drop away and we find God is someone to love. And so is our neighbour. All the rules we thought were a bother are now a good way to live.

Paul tells us what’s happened. ‘The grace of God has appeared, bringing salvation for all people, training us to renounce ungodliness and worldly passions, and to live self-controlled, upright, and godly lives in the present age’ (Titus 2:11-12).

All this is better than breakfast! We’re hungry, and being satisfied, all at the same time. And we are being congratulated!

4—Being right really matters

All of us want to be ‘right’. It’s how we are made (Ecclesiastes 7:29) and we feel ill at ease if we can’t justify our actions.

But, in the real world, we are actually living before God. So, we need to be right in his eyes—that’s what righteousness means. Without this, we fall into Satan’s hands.

Some have professed to believe in Christ but not been careful how they live, and Satan has brought them low. So, Paul tells us we need to be protected by righteousness (Ephesians 6:14). We need to put it on!

This sounds strange, but, thankfully, he’s already told us what he means earlier in his letter. We’ll just look at three ways in which this happens.

First, we need to know that a Christian is something God makes.

Paul says there’s a new ‘self’ to put on—created by God, and to be ‘like God in true righteousness and holiness’ (4:24). He’s talking about things we need to do, like being truthful and not getting angry, but our new ‘self’ needs a ‘Made by God’ label on it.

We become Christians because of God alone—a work of grace. And he creates us ‘in Christ Jesus to do good works, which God prepared in advance for us to do’ (2:8-10).

Being God’s new creation means we’re already reconciled to God and that he doesn’t count our sins against us any more (2 Corinthians 5:17-19). This is not just a book-keeping entry in heaven. It’s a relationship. A Christian is someone moved by God’s love (v. 14). When it comes to being a Christian, this is where we are always beginning.

Every day, we find our righteousness is lacking—sometimes, badly. But Christ’s blood keeps on cleansing us (1 John 1:9). Our task is to keep clean what God makes clean, not tidy up yesterday’s mess!

Now, we need to be what we are—to act consistently with our new identity as God’s creation. If we forget who we are, we’ve got nothing to be!

The righteous acts we do are basically gratefulness for God’s goodness to us. Anything we do outside this would be making something of ourselves, and that’s not righteousness! What impresses God and deters Satan must be made by God (Philippians 2:13).

In another letter, Paul says we have put on our new self—that’s what happens when we become a Christian. And now we are being renewed in knowledge after the image of our Creator (Colossians 3:10). This is what we must talk about next. But both our beginning and continuing are what God creates.

Second, we need to think in this new way.

Paul calls this being ‘renewed in the spirit of your minds’ (4:23). What God has made is alive and needs to grow. What we’ve received needs to work its way through all of our thinking (Romans 12:1-2).

There’s a lot of talk these days about what is right and wrong. But, in many cases, we are not being asked to think, but to agree. God doesn’t want ‘Yes’ people. He wants us to understand what he says, love what he wants, and think of ways to share in his working.

Our teacher in getting this new mind is Jesus (4:20-21). We can’t afford to trust our feelings or majority opinion. Our understanding of what is right needs to come from him—a gracious Saviour.

But then, he is also the material we learn. He is what is true, and he is what we need to be. It’s his purity, and it’s his kindness that are powerful to help us change.

You could say, we are in his space! He is not just the best teacher but he also the ideal environment for learning. For example, we are to ‘be kind to one another, forgiving one another, as God in Christ forgave you’ (4:32).

Third, we need to change how we live.

A physiotherapist told me once, ‘the body is a cheat’. It finds the way of least effort to do what it needs to—even when it’s damaging itself. The same is true with behaviour. The way we’ve always done things, or what comes naturally, seem preferable to change. But then, no change may mean death! We need to think about what we’re doing.

There are things to ‘put off’. We used to do whatever we felt like—without God, without shame and without limits (4:22). Now we know these things don’t set us free. They deceive and corrupt us. Where Satan is concerned, we’re letting him walk all over us, not standing against him. Sometimes, we just have to say ‘No!’

And there are things to ‘put on’ (4:24), like being self-sufficient and generous (4:28). We need to let the Holy Spirit fill up all our dark spaces with helpful conversation and kindness (4:29-31).

Paul gives us a list of ways in which we can imitate the God who is giving us new life (5:1-18). He tells us to walk carefully, to make good use of time because the days are evil and to understand what the will of the Lord is. All this needs some enthusiasm and persistence. And we’ll need the company of our Christian friends (5:19-21).

If being righteous sounds boring and conservative, or impossible, think again. You’re a human being doing exactly what you were created to do. You’re enjoying the purpose God has in saving you. And God is treating you with great dignity by expecting something from you. It’s the way to be strong, and the only way to be protected from our enemy.